![]() The new city became Sarai Berke or “New Sarai”.Ī city as large as Sarai naturally attracted enemies. In the 14th century, for reasons unknown, the city was abandoned and the capital was moved to a new location about 180 km northwest of Sarai Batu. In addition to Mongol rulers, he saw Russians, Caucasians and many 'merchants and strangers' from as far afield as Iraq, Egypt, Syria and Greece, each nation living in its own quarter. The traveller counted thirteen large mosques and thirteen cathedrals, numerous bazaars and bath-houses. One 13th century Arab traveller from North Africa described it “as one of the most beautiful cities, one which has achieved extraordinary size, filled to overflowing with people, handsome markets and broad streets”. At that time, it was quite a large settlement with a population of 75,000, making it one of the largest cities of the medieval world.Ī replica of Sarai Batu, built as a set for the movie “The Horde”. Sarai Batu (meaning “Batu’s Palace”) was established in the mid-1240s by the Mongol ruler Batu Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan. On the south the Horde’s lands bordered on the Black Sea, the Caucasus Mountains, and the Iranian territories of the Mongol dynasty known as the Il-Khans. At its peak, the territory of the Golden Horde included most of Eastern Europe from the Urals to the Danube River, and extended east deep into Siberia. It was the capital of the Golden Horde, the western part of the Mongol empire, which flourished from the mid-13th century to the end of the 14th century. The ancient city of Sarai Batu was located on the lower stretch of the Volga River, about 120 km north of the modern city of Astrakhan in present-day Russia. ![]()
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